Machinery & Energetics

The density of standing and uniform distribution of plants along the length of the linear the main factors of increasing the yield and sugar content in sugar beets. This has been proved since the 70s of the last century by the researches of domestic scientists of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet (Kyiv) and the All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar (Ramon, Voronezh region) and western European scientists. The prerequisite for the uniformity of the stacking of beets is the uniformity of the intervals between the sown seeds, which is mainly provided by two factors. They are the perfection of the sowing machine and the field similarity of the seed, as close as possible to the laboratory condition. In the 90's, sugar beet seed sown in Ukraine mainly by seeding machines of the mechanical type ССТ-12А and modernized ССТ-12Б and ССТ-12В of the designed by UkrNDISGOM (Kharkiv), Kirovogradsky PKI and Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet, and production of OJSC "Chervona zirka" (Kropivnitsky). The SST-12V seed drill performs the granular fertilizers application simultaneously with sowing. In the complex with the feeder POM-630-1 it performs the introduction of a strip of liquid complex fertilizers or insecticides into the zone of lines. The use of the 18-row seeder ССТ-18В in comparison with the 12-line ССТ12В allows shortening the seeding time. Due to these advantages, the 18-row and 24-row drills were developed in the Kirovohrad PCI. Now such seeding drills are exported to dozens of foreign countries. However, the most common domestic beet seeder with mechanical seeding machines ССТ-12В at the moment does not withstand competition with pneumatic type drills both Western European and their analogs of domestic production. The article presents the results of comparative field experimental studies of beet seeders of mechanical and pneumatic type on the parameters of seedlings placement accuracy.

sugar beet, seeding machine, seed, seed rate, ladder, seedling, coefficient of variation, germination ability