Machinery & Energetics

An analysis of literary sources has shown that the methods used to evaluate occupational risk are mostly attempted to take into account the risk of erroneous actions by workers (operators), neglecting the technical condition of machines and the criticality of accumulation of defects during prolonged operation, which could lead to emergencies and accidents. In the given work the complex method of estimation of occupational risk is offered taking into account the influence of "organizational" and "technical" factors as the basis for forecasting the residual, safe for employees of the resource of machines, in particular method of calculating occupational risks for various types of mechanized work in agriculture using wheeled tractors. The basic events considered the organizational causes of occupational injuries, in particular violation of the requirements of occupational safety and health by mechanics and job managers, and technical malfunctions of tractor units due to the emergence and spread of operational fractures in responsible parts. The total probability of the basic events should be equal to one. Probabilities of basic events for organizational reasons were asked according to the known statistical indicators of occupational injuries in the agro-industrial complex, and probability of occurrence of technical malfunctions depending on the duration of operation of the tractor in accordance with an increase in the relative number of cracks in the total mass of the research parts of the tractor. An example of using the developed method in this paper is the calculation of the probability of a traumatic situation occurring on mechanized works in the agriculture – as a result of the sudden lowering of tractor hinged implements, the details of which may cause and spread operational cracks. The calculation is made for cases of subcritical and critical accumulation of operational cracks in the array of investigated critical parts of the tractor.

professional risk, operational cracks, defectoscopy, mechanized works