Machinery & Energetics

The search for methods of rapid and efficient determination of the structural composition of mixtures with a moisture content of more than 40–50%, which includes the composting of organic raw materials, is an objectively valuable scientific material. One of the options for such techniques can be advanced digital technologies and statistical methods for processing information based on effective software. The purpose of the study is to develop algorithm and statistical processing of digital information of the fractional composition of the compass-compost mixture of litter during its composting in brotches. The algorithm for determining the composition of the mixture included the following steps: in the first stage, photographs were photographed with a digital camera. The resulting JPEG images were mapped to the original computer program, where, in scan mode, they were converted into two-dimensional digital matrices, reflecting the reflection and absorption coefficients of the particle surface. Using the program of the expansion in the Fourier series, the alignment of values was carried out and new surfaces of the matrix were constructed reflecting the distribution of the coefficients of light reflection and absorption. On the basis of new matrices, statistical series of aggregates distributed on the surface were formed. After built an integral distribution of aggregate sizes. Their number is up to 50 intervals. The obtained data computed Gaussian components. Such methodical approach allows to allocate fractions of aggregates, their percentage in the total mass, average sizes and to compare composting of raw materials before and after technological processing, using specific numerical parameters: mean, dispersion and correlation within the framework of the comparative analysis. Experimental testing was carried out on three-dimensional structures of fractional composition of raw materials to (moisture 26%) and after processing (humidity 50%). Results of analysis of photos on three basic fractions: for processed compost: И fraction – average – 0,28 cm³, dispersion 0,019 cm³, percentage of the amount – 10%; ИИ fraction – average size – 0.98 cm³, dispersion 0.040 cm³, percentage of the amount – 72%; ИИИ fraction – average size 1.75 cm³, dispersion 0.060 cm³, percentage – 13%; for untreated: И fraction – average – 0,44 cm³, dispersion 0,019 cm3, percentage of the amount – 50%; ИИ fraction – average size – 0,77 cm3, dispersion 0,020 cm^3, percentage of the amount – 18%; ИИИ fraction – average size 1.56 cm³, dispersion 0.060 cm³, percentage – 32%.
Thus, a visual assessment of the fractional composition of the compost before and after the technological treatment indicates the difference in the quality of raw materials, and the use of the method of statistical processing of numerical pictures provides the obtaining of numerical indicators for the identification, analysis and comparison of processes and means.

litter, compost, burt, fractional composition, statistical method, digital images, statistical distribution, numerical indices